N2 grammar V — upper-intermediate JLPT N2 patterns with example sentences · JLPT N2

• 〜上で (after / upon doing, in order to)契約書をよく読んだ上で、サインしてください。Please sign after reading the contract carefully.
• 〜限り(は) (as long as / so far as)私が知っている限り、彼はそんな人ではない。As far as I know, he isn't that kind of person.
• 〜ことか (how ... ! / how much)この日をどれほど待っていたことか。How long I have waited for this day!
• 〜ことに(は) (to one's [emotion], ...)驚いたことに、彼はもう仕事を辞めていた。To my surprise, he had already quit his job.
• 〜最中に (right in the middle of)会議の最中に、急に電話が鳴りだした。Right in the middle of the meeting, the phone suddenly started ringing.
• 〜次第 (as soon as [formal])詳細が決まり次第、改めてご連絡いたします。As soon as the details are decided, we will contact you again.
• 〜せいで (because of / due to [negative])電車が遅れたせいで、会議に間に合わなかった。Because the train was late, I couldn't make it to the meeting in time.
• 〜せいか (perhaps because)年のせいか、最近物忘れがひどい。Perhaps because of my age, I've been very forgetful lately.
• 〜だけあって (as expected of / fitting that)さすが一流ホテルだけあって、サービスが素晴らしい。As expected of a first-class hotel, the service is wonderful.
• 〜だけに (precisely because / all the more)期待していただけに、結果には失望した。Precisely because I had high hopes, I was disappointed by the result.
• 〜たび(に) (every time / whenever)この曲を聞くたびに、学生時代を思い出す。Every time I hear this song, I remember my student days.
• 〜だらけ (full of / covered in)子供たちは泥だらけになって遊んでいた。The children were playing, covered in mud.
• 〜ついでに (while at it / on the occasion of)買い物のついでに、郵便局にも寄ってきた。While I was out shopping, I also stopped by the post office.
• 〜っぱなし (leaving [something] as it is)電気をつけっぱなしにして出かけてしまった。I went out leaving the lights on.
• 〜て以来 (ever since)東京に引っ越して以来、一度も故郷に帰っていない。Ever since I moved to Tokyo, I haven't been back home even once.
• 〜てからでないと (not until / unless [you do] first)説明書を読んでからでないと、使い方が分からない。Unless I read the manual first, I can't figure out how to use it.
• 〜どころか (far from / on the contrary)彼は反省するどころか、また同じことを繰り返した。Far from reflecting on it, he repeated the same thing again.
• 〜ところに (just when / at the moment)出かけようとしたところに、お客さんが来た。Just as I was about to leave, a visitor arrived.
• 〜とともに (together with / as ... [changes])経済の発展とともに、人々の生活も豊かになった。Along with economic development, people's lives also became more affluent.
• 〜ないことには (unless / without [doing], nothing)実際に見てみないことには、何とも言えない。Unless I actually see it, I can't say anything for sure.
• 〜において (in / at / regarding [formal])現代社会において、情報の管理は極めて重要だ。In modern society, the management of information is extremely important.