N2 grammar VI — upper-intermediate JLPT N2 patterns with example sentences · JLPT N2

• 〜に応じて (according to / in response to)収入に応じて、税金の額が変わる。The amount of tax changes according to your income.
• 〜にかけては (when it comes to / in terms of)料理にかけては、彼女の右に出る者はいない。When it comes to cooking, no one can surpass her.
• 〜に比べて (compared to)去年に比べて、今年は雨が少ない。Compared to last year, there is less rain this year.
• 〜に加えて (in addition to)強風に加えて、大雨まで降り出した。In addition to the strong wind, heavy rain even began to fall.
• 〜にしたがって (as / in accordance with)山を登るにしたがって、気温が下がっていった。As we climbed the mountain, the temperature gradually dropped.
• 〜にしては (considering / for [a])彼は新人にしては、落ち着いて対応している。For a newcomer, he is handling things very calmly.
• 〜に過ぎない (is nothing more than / merely)それは単なる言い訳に過ぎない。That is nothing more than a mere excuse.
• 〜につけ (whenever / every time [emotion])この写真を見るにつけ、亡き母を思い出す。Whenever I look at this photo, I think of my late mother.
• 〜にとって (for / to [from the standpoint of])子供にとって、遊びは大切な学びの場だ。For children, play is an important place of learning.
• 〜抜きで (without / leaving out)今日は仕事の話は抜きで、楽しく飲みましょう。Today, let's drink and have fun without any talk of work.
• 〜のみならず (not only ... but also)彼は日本語のみならず、中国語も流暢に話す。He speaks not only Japanese but also Chinese fluently.
• 〜ばかりか (not only ... but even)彼は遅刻したばかりか、謝りもしなかった。Not only was he late, but he didn't even apologize.
• 〜はもちろん (not to mention / of course)週末はもちろん、平日も予約でいっぱいだ。Not to mention weekends, it's fully booked on weekdays too.
• 〜反面 (on the other hand / while)この仕事は給料がいい反面、責任も重い。This job pays well, but on the other hand the responsibility is heavy too.
• 〜べき (should / ought to)学生は勉強に専念するべきだ。Students ought to devote themselves to their studies.
• 〜まい (will not / probably not / won't [intend to])あんな店には二度と行くまい。I will never go to a shop like that again.
• 〜向きだ (suited to / facing)この本は内容がやさしく、初心者向きだ。This book has simple content and is suited to beginners.
• 〜向けだ (intended for / aimed at)このアニメは子供向けに作られている。This anime is made for children.
• 〜も〜ば〜も (both ... and / what with ... and)彼は頭もよければ、性格もいい。He is both smart and has a good personality.
• 〜ものだ (used to / it's natural that)子供のころは、よくこの川で泳いだものだ。When I was a child, I used to swim in this river a lot.
• 〜やら〜やら (what with ... and ... [and so on])引っ越しの日は、荷造りやら掃除やらで大忙しだった。On moving day, I was swamped with packing and cleaning and all sorts of things.