JLPT N1 kanji list

132high-frequency JLPT N1 kanji, grouped by theme with on'yomi/kun'yomi readings and meaning, studied with real spaced repetition. Free, no signup, works in your browser.

N1 kanji reach into the formal, written and literary register — the characters of editorials, law and academic prose, including many low-frequency and compound-only readings. Each card shows the kanji with its readings and meaning, none repeated from the N2 set. Tap any group to study it with the forgetting-curve scheduling that times each review to memory.

Kanji: N1 abstract

Study these 20
  • gaithe said, the relevant, applicable (as in 該当)
  • chifine, minute, detailed (as in 緻密)
  • ken / hi(ku)pull, draw, lead (as in 牽引)
  • jo, nyo / goto(shi)likeness, as if, such as (as in 如実)
  • ken / arawa(reru)manifest, evident, conspicuous (as in 顕著)
  • shaku / ku(mu)consider, take into account; pour (sake)
  • kyou, kinpride, dignity (as in 矜持)
  • hasupremacy, hegemony, championship (as in 覇権)
  • botsusudden, outbreak, rise (as in 勃発, 勃興)
  • i / oso(reru), kashiko(maru)awe, fear, revere (as in 畏敬)
  • gyou / ko(ru), ko(rasu)congeal, be absorbed in, elaborate (as in 凝視)
  • sakuconfusion, mixing, error (as in 錯覚, 錯誤)
  • shuu / muku(iru)reward, repay, retort (as in 報酬, 応酬)
  • sa / sosonoka(su)instigate, tempt, abet (as in 示唆)
  • heiabuse, evil, vice; (humble) our (as in 弊害)
  • ko / kaeri(miru)look back, reflect, regard (as in 顧慮, 回顧)
  • byuu / ayama(ru)error, fallacy (as in 誤謬)
  • bakuvague, obscure, desert (as in 漠然)
  • aivague, ambiguous, unclear (as in 曖昧)
  • maidark, obscure, ignorant (as in 曖昧)

Kanji: N1 formal & written

Study these 20
  • soset aside, measures, dispose (as in 措置)
  • junobey, comply with, abide by (as in 遵守)
  • baicompensation, indemnity (as in 賠償)
  • jou / kamo(su)brew, bring about, cause (as in 醸成)
  • hai / suta(reru), suta(ru)abolish, abolition, discontinue (as in 廃止)
  • shi / tamawa(ru), tama(u)grant, bestow (by a superior) (as in 恩賜)
  • kanarticle, clause, goodwill (as in 約款, 借款)
  • jiimperial seal (as in 国璽, 御璽)
  • chokuimperial edict, decree (as in 勅令)
  • shou / mikotonoriimperial rescript, edict (as in 詔書)
  • etsuaudience (with a superior) (as in 謁見)
  • kanintuition, consider, investigate (as in 勘案)
  • kokucruel, severe, harsh (as in 酷使, 残酷)
  • atsumediation, rotate (as in 斡旋)
  • senrotation, turning around (as in 旋回, 斡旋)
  • hekiround flat jade; flawless (as in 完璧)
  • sei / yu(ku), i(ku)pass away, die (formal) (as in 逝去)
  • hiquit, dismiss, recall (as in 罷免)
  • shokuentrust, request, commission (as in 嘱託, 委嘱)
  • kin / tsutsushi(mu)respectfully, humbly, discreet (as in 謹啓, 謹呈)

Kanji: N1 nature & society

Study these 20
  • katalagoon, tidal flat (as in 干潟, 新潟)
  • kyougorge, ravine, strait (as in 海峡, 峡谷)
  • shoureef, hidden rock (as in 暗礁, 珊瑚礁)
  • keimountain stream, valley (as in 渓谷, 渓流)
  • shou / numamarsh, swamp, pond (as in 沼地, 湖沼)
  • han / kuro, hotorishore, edge, ridge between fields (as in 湖畔)
  • ran / arashistorm, tempest (as in 砂嵐)
  • sou / shimofrost (as in 霜柱, 晩霜)
  • kou / nijirainbow
  • sou / moseaweed, algae (as in 海藻, 藻類)
  • ken / mayucocoon (as in 繭糸)
  • kamosquito (as in 蚊帳)
  • chikulivestock, domestic animals (as in 家畜, 畜産)
  • batsuclique, faction, clan (as in 派閥, 財閥)
  • hanfeudal domain, clan (as in 藩主, 廃藩置県)
  • hiprincess, empress, consort (as in 王妃, 妃殿下)
  • chakulegitimate child, heir (as in 嫡子, 嫡出)
  • chou / tomura(u)condolence, mourn, funeral (as in 弔問, 弔辞)
  • funtomb, burial mound (as in 古墳, 墳墓)
  • hinguest, visitor (of honor) (as in 来賓, 国賓)

Kanji: N1 abstract II

Study these 18
  • gai / oomu(ne)outline, general, approximately (as in 概念, 概要)
  • kei / katamu(ku), katamu(keru)lean, incline, tendency (as in 傾向)
  • zui / shitaga(u)follow, accompany, comply (as in 随時, 随筆)
  • soku / unaga(su)urge, prompt, stimulate (as in 促進)
  • kan / tsuranu(ku)pierce, penetrate, carry through (as in 貫徹, 一貫)
  • mu / hokohalberd, spear (as in 矛盾)
  • jun / tateshield (as in 矛盾, 後ろ盾)
  • so / ishizuefoundation stone, cornerstone (as in 礎石, 基礎)
  • ken, gen / kira(u), iyadislike, suspicion (as in 嫌悪, 機嫌)
  • shou / naoesteem, furthermore, still (as in 尚早, 高尚)
  • dacompromise, peace, gentle (as in 妥協, 妥当)
  • hagrasp, bundle, handle (as in 把握)
  • kan / yuru(i), yuru(yaka), yuru(mu), yuru(meru)loose, slacken, gentle (as in 緩和, 緩慢)
  • ko / hoko(ru)boast, be proud, exaggerate (as in 誇張, 誇示)
  • kan / ochii(ru), otoshii(reru)fall into, collapse, defect (as in 陥落, 欠陥)
  • fuku / oo(u), kutsugae(su), kutsugae(ru)cover, overturn, reverse (as in 覆面, 転覆)
  • ken, ke / ka(keru), ka(karu)hang, suspend, be concerned (as in 懸念, 懸案)
  • gaideplore, lament, indignation (as in 憤慨, 感慨)

Kanji: N1 formal & written II

Study these 18
  • tada(shi)however, provided that (as in 但し書き)
  • gi / itsuwa(ru), nisefalse, counterfeit, deceive (as in 偽造, 虚偽)
  • jin / tazu(neru)inquire, ask, fathom (as in 尋問, 尋常)
  • takuentrust, consign, pretext (as in 委託, 信託)
  • jou / yuzu(ru)yield, concede, transfer (as in 譲渡, 譲歩)
  • wai / makana(u)bribe, provide, cater (as in 賄賂, 収賄)
  • robribe (as in 賄賂)
  • kou / kakawa(ru)detain, adhere to, be particular (as in 拘束, 拘留)
  • kiabandon, discard, abdicate (as in 放棄, 棄権)
  • so / utta(eru)sue, appeal, complain (as in 訴訟, 起訴)
  • gyou, kou / ao(gu), oo(se)look up, revere, state (an order) (as in 仰天, 信仰)
  • dakuconsent, assent, agree (as in 承諾, 受諾)
  • benspeech, dialect, valve, distinguish (as in 弁護, 答弁)
  • shocommoner, the masses, various (as in 庶民, 庶務)
  • shu / kotoparticularly, especially, distinction (as in 殊勝, 特殊)
  • zen / youya(ku)gradually, by degrees (as in 漸次, 漸進)
  • mataagain, also, moreover (as in 又貸し)
  • sho / ka(tsu)moreover, and, besides (as in 且つ)

Kanji: N1 nature & society II

Study these 18
  • hou / minepeak, summit, ridge (as in 連峰, 高峰)
  • roku / fumotofoot of a mountain (as in 山麓)
  • dou / horacave, grotto, hollow (as in 洞窟, 洞察)
  • misakicape, promontory, headland
  • tei / tsutsumiembankment, dike, bank (as in 堤防, 防波堤)
  • wanbay, gulf, inlet (as in 湾岸, 港湾)
  • rou / takiwaterfall, rapids (as in 滝壺)
  • gaku / takemountain peak, high mountain (as in 山岳)
  • ka / uzuwhirlpool, vortex, eddy (as in 渦中)
  • chou / shiotide, current, seawater (as in 潮流, 風潮)
  • sai / kuda(ku), kuda(keru)smash, crush, break (as in 粉砕, 砕石)
  • hyou / tadayo(u)drift, float, wander (as in 漂流, 漂白)
  • rou / mo(ru), mo(reru), mo(rasu)leak, escape, omit (as in 漏電, 遺漏)
  • futsu / wa(ku), wa(kasu)boil, seethe (as in 沸騰, 煮沸)
  • konmarriage, wedding (as in 婚姻, 婚約)
  • sou / houmu(ru)bury, entomb, funeral (as in 葬儀, 埋葬)
  • reislave, servant, subordinate (as in 奴隷, 隷属)
  • do / yatsufellow, guy, slave (derogatory) (as in 奴隷, 売国奴)

Kanji: N1 body, mind & action

Study these 18
  • kan / kimoliver; pluck, courage; vital point (as in 肝臓, 肝心)
  • tangall bladder; courage, boldness (as in 大胆, 胆力)
  • zuimarrow, pith, essence (as in 骨髄, 真髄)
  • gaku / agojaw, chin (as in 顎関節)
  • wakiside, flank, armpit (as in 脇腹, 脇役)
  • shitsu / hizaknee, lap (as in 膝下)
  • shin / kuchibirulips (as in 唇)
  • kou / nodothroat (as in 咽喉, 喉元)
  • dou / hitomipupil (of the eye) (as in 瞳孔)
  • shun / matata(ku)blink, twinkle, instant (as in 瞬間, 一瞬)
  • kou / awa(teru), awata(dashii)be flustered, panic, hurried (as in 恐慌)
  • tai / okota(ru), nama(keru)neglect, be idle, lazy (as in 怠慢, 怠惰)
  • yuu / ure(eru), ure(i), u(i)grief, anxiety, melancholy (as in 憂鬱, 憂慮)
  • bo / shita(u)yearn for, adore, long for (as in 思慕, 慕情)
  • i / nagusa(meru), nagusa(mu)console, comfort, soothe (as in 慰安, 慰労)
  • en, on / ura(mu)grudge, resentment, malice (as in 怨恨, 怨念)
  • shitsu / sone(mu), neta(mu)envy, be jealous (as in 嫉妬)
  • to / neta(mu)be jealous, envy (as in 嫉妬)

A curated core of the highest-yield N1 items — not the full N1 list (the JLPT hasn't published an official one since 2010). Every card is checked against the N1 level, and against our N2 set so nothing is repeated from the level below.