TOPIK I grammar list

60 core TOPIK I grammar patterns, each paired with an example sentence and studied with real spaced repetition. Free, no signup, works in your browser.

These are the building blocks of beginner Korean — the topic and subject particles, the present, past and future tenses, negation, and the connective patterns TOPIK I leans on. Every example sentence reuses only vocabulary taught earlier in the course, so the grammar lands on words you already know. Tap any group to study it with forgetting-curve scheduling.

TOPIK I grammar I

Study these 20
  • ~이에요/예요 (to be — polite)이것은 커피예요.This is coffee.
  • ~은/는 (topic marker)저는 학교에 가요.I go to school.
  • ~이/가 (subject marker)날씨가 좋아요.The weather is good.
  • ~을/를 (object marker)저는 빵을 먹어요.I eat bread.
  • ~에 (to a place / location)내일 병원에 가요.Tomorrow I go to the hospital.
  • ~에 (at a time)아침에 커피를 마셔요.I drink coffee in the morning.
  • ~에서 (at / in — action location)식당에서 밥을 먹어요.I eat at the restaurant.
  • ~에서 (from — starting point)학교에서 집까지 멀어요.It is far from school to home.
  • ~도 (also / too)저도 차를 마셔요.I also drink tea.
  • ~ㅂ니다/습니다 (formal polite ending)저는 회사에서 일합니다.I work at the company.
  • ~아요/어요 (present tense — polite)저는 책을 읽어요.I read a book.
  • 안 ~ (negation — 'not')오늘은 학교에 안 가요.Today I don't go to school.
  • ~지 않다 (negation — long form)저는 고기를 먹지 않아요.I don't eat meat.
  • 못 ~ (cannot — ability negation)저는 커피를 못 마셔요.I can't drink coffee.
  • ~고 싶다 (want to)저는 집에 가고 싶어요.I want to go home.
  • 이/그/저 (this / that / that over there)이 가게는 비싸요.This shop is expensive.
  • ~의 (possessive — 's)이것은 누나의 책이에요.This is my older sister's book.
  • ~까지 (until / up to)저녁까지 일해요.I work until the evening.
  • ~부터 (from — starting time)아침부터 비가 와요.It rains from the morning.
  • ~만 (only / just)저는 물만 마셔요.I drink only water.

TOPIK I grammar II

Study these 20
  • ~았어요/었어요 (past tense — polite)어제 친구를 만났어요.I met a friend yesterday.
  • ~았습니다/었습니다 (past tense — formal)저는 밥을 먹었습니다.I ate a meal.
  • ~ㄹ/을 거예요 (future / intention — will)내일 학교에 갈 거예요.I will go to school tomorrow.
  • ~겠어요 (will / intention / conjecture)제가 하겠어요.I will do it.
  • ~고 (and — connecting clauses)밥을 먹고 커피를 마셔요.I eat a meal and drink coffee.
  • ~아서/어서 (and then — sequence)시장에 가서 과일을 샀어요.I went to the market and bought fruit.
  • ~아서/어서 (because / so)배가 아파서 밥을 안 먹어요.My stomach hurts, so I don't eat.
  • ~(으)세요 (polite request / command)물을 마시세요.Please drink water.
  • ~지 마세요 (please don't)여기에서 자지 마세요.Please don't sleep here.
  • ~ㄹ/을 수 있다 (can / be able to)저는 책을 읽을 수 있어요.I can read a book.
  • ~ㄹ/을 수 없다 (cannot / be unable to)오늘은 일할 수 없어요.I can't work today.
  • ~하고 (with / and — nouns, conversational)친구하고 영화를 봐요.I watch a movie with a friend.
  • ~와/과 (with / and — nouns, formal)빵과 우유를 샀어요.I bought bread and milk.
  • ~에게/한테 (to — a person)동생한테 카드를 줬어요.I gave a card to my younger sibling.
  • ~(으)로 (by means of / toward)저는 버스로 회사에 가요.I go to the company by bus.
  • ~지만 (but / although)이 가게는 비싸지만 좋아요.This shop is expensive but good.
  • ~고 있다 (be doing — progressive)지금 책을 읽고 있어요.I am reading a book now.
  • ~(으)러 가다/오다 (go/come in order to)밥을 먹으러 식당에 가요.I go to the restaurant to eat.
  • ~ㄹ까요? (shall we? / shall I?)같이 커피를 마실까요?Shall we drink coffee together?
  • ~ㅂ시다 (let's — formal proposal)같이 공원에 갑시다.Let's go to the park together.

TOPIK I grammar III

Study these 20
  • ~(으)니까 (because / since — reason)비가 오니까 집에 있어요.Since it's raining, I stay home.
  • ~기 때문에 (because of — reason)날씨가 좋기 때문에 공원에 가요.Because the weather is good, I go to the park.
  • ~기 전에 (before doing)자기 전에 책을 읽어요.I read a book before sleeping.
  • ~ㄴ/은 후에 (after doing)밥을 먹은 후에 커피를 마셔요.After eating, I drink coffee.
  • ~ㄹ/을 때 (when / at the time of)학교에 갈 때 버스를 타요.When I go to school, I take the bus.
  • ~ㄴ/는 것 (nominalizer — the act of)책을 읽는 것을 좋아해요.I like reading books.
  • ~아야/어야 되다 (must / have to)지금 가야 돼요.I have to go now.
  • ~아도/어도 되다 (may / it's okay to)여기에서 자도 돼요?Is it okay to sleep here?
  • ~(으)면 (if / when)비가 오면 집에 있어요.If it rains, I stay home.
  • ~보다 (than — comparison)기차가 버스보다 빨라요.The train is faster than the bus.
  • 제일 / 가장 (most / -est — superlative)이 가게가 제일 싸요.This shop is the cheapest.
  • ~게 (adverb-forming — '-ly')맛있게 드세요.Enjoy your meal. (lit. Eat deliciously.)
  • ~ㄹ게요 (I'll — promise / intention)제가 내일 전화할게요.I'll call you tomorrow.
  • ~네요 (mild surprise / realization)날씨가 정말 좋네요.The weather is really nice!
  • ~지요? / ~죠? (right? — seeking agreement)이 음식 맛있지요?This food is delicious, right?
  • ~(으)ㄹ래요 (would like to / will — casual intent)저는 차를 마실래요.I'll have tea.
  • ~(으)ㄴ 적이 있다 (have ever done — experience)비행기를 탄 적이 있어요.I have ridden an airplane before.
  • ~아 주다/어 주다 (do for someone — favor)친구를 도와줬어요.I helped my friend.
  • ~ㄴ/는데 (background / contrast setup)비가 오는데 우산이 없어요.It's raining, but I don't have an umbrella.
  • ~(으)면서 (while — simultaneous action)음악을 들으면서 책을 읽어요.I read a book while listening to music.

A curated core of the highest-yield TOPIK I grammar and vocabulary — not the full word list (TOPIK publishes no fixed beginner list). Every card is checked against the level, and grammar examples reuse only words taught earlier in the course.